Cant make Directx work

poonninja (58)
i recently wanted to try directx. i know opengl quite well, and want to use directx for comparison purposes. i took this code strait from a tutorial:

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// include the basic windows header files and the Direct3D header files
#include <windows.h>
#include <windowsx.h>
#include <d3d10.h>
#include <d3dx10.h>

// include the Direct3D Library file
#pragma comment (lib, "d3d10.lib")
#pragma comment (lib, "d3dx10.lib")

// global declarations
ID3D10Device* device;    // the pointer to our Direct3D device interface
ID3D10RenderTargetView* rtv;    // the pointer to the render target view
IDXGISwapChain* swapchain;    // the pointer to the swap chain class

// function prototypes
void initD3D(HWND hWnd);    // sets up and initializes Direct3D
void render_frame(void);    // renders a single frame
void cleanD3D(void);    // closes Direct3D and releases memory

// the WindowProc function prototype
LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam);


// the entry point for any Windows program
int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,
                   HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
                   LPSTR lpCmdLine,
                   int nCmdShow)
{
    HWND hWnd;
    WNDCLASSEX wc;

    ZeroMemory(&wc, sizeof(WNDCLASSEX));

    wc.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
    wc.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
    wc.lpfnWndProc = WindowProc;
    wc.hInstance = hInstance;
    wc.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
    wc.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)COLOR_WINDOW;
    wc.lpszClassName = L"WindowClass";

    RegisterClassEx(&wc);

    hWnd = CreateWindowEx(NULL,
                          L"WindowClass",
                          L"Our First Direct3D Program",
                          WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
                          300, 300,
                          800, 600,
                          NULL,
                          NULL,
                          hInstance,
                          NULL);

    ShowWindow(hWnd, nCmdShow);

    // set up and initialize Direct3D
    initD3D(hWnd);

    // enter the main loop:

    MSG msg;

    while(TRUE)
    {
        if(PeekMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE))
        {
            TranslateMessage(&msg);
            DispatchMessage(&msg);

            if(msg.message == WM_QUIT)
                break;
        }

        render_frame();
    }

    // clean up DirectX and COM
    cleanD3D();

    return msg.wParam;
}


// this is the main message handler for the program
LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
    switch(message)
    {
        case WM_DESTROY:
            {
                PostQuitMessage(0);
                return 0;
            } break;
    }

    return DefWindowProc (hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);
}


// this function initializes and prepares Direct3D for use
void initD3D(HWND hWnd)
{
    DXGI_SWAP_CHAIN_DESC scd;    // create a struct to hold various swap chain information

    ZeroMemory(&scd, sizeof(DXGI_SWAP_CHAIN_DESC));    // clear out the struct for use

    scd.BufferCount = 1;    // create two buffers, one for the front, one for the back
    scd.BufferDesc.Format = DXGI_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM;    // use 32-bit color
    scd.BufferUsage = DXGI_USAGE_RENDER_TARGET_OUTPUT;    // tell how the chain is to be used
    scd.OutputWindow = hWnd;    // set the window to be used by Direct3D
    scd.SampleDesc.Count = 1;    // set the level of multi-sampling
    scd.SampleDesc.Quality = 0;    // set the quality of multi-sampling
    scd.Windowed = TRUE;    // set to windowed or full-screen mode

    // create a device class and swap chain class using the information in the scd struct
    D3D10CreateDeviceAndSwapChain(NULL,
                                  D3D10_DRIVER_TYPE_HARDWARE,
                                  NULL,
                                  0,
                                  D3D10_SDK_VERSION,
                                  &scd,
                                  &swapchain,
                                  &device);


    // get the address of the back buffer and use it to create the render target
    ID3D10Texture2D* pBackBuffer;
    swapchain->GetBuffer(0, __uuidof(ID3D10Texture2D), (LPVOID*)&pBackBuffer);
    device->CreateRenderTargetView(pBackBuffer, NULL, &rtv);
    pBackBuffer->Release();

    // set the back buffer as the render target
    device->OMSetRenderTargets(1, &rtv, NULL);


    D3D10_VIEWPORT viewport;    // create a struct to hold the viewport data

    ZeroMemory(&viewport, sizeof(D3D10_VIEWPORT));    // clear out the struct for use

    viewport.TopLeftX = 0;    // set the left to 0
    viewport.TopLeftY = 0;    // set the top to 0
    viewport.Width = 800;    // set the width to the window's width
    viewport.Height = 600;    // set the height to the window's height

    device->RSSetViewports(1, &viewport);    // set the viewport
}


// this is the function used to render a single frame
void render_frame(void)
{
    // clear the window to a deep blue
    device->ClearRenderTargetView(rtv, D3DXCOLOR(0.0f, 0.2f, 0.4f, 1.0f));

    // do 3D rendering on the back buffer here

    // display the rendered frame
    swapchain->Present(0, 0);
}


// this is the function that cleans up Direct3D and COM
void cleanD3D(void)
{
    swapchain->Release();    // close and release the swap chain
    rtv->Release();    // close and release the render target view
    device->Release();    // close and release the 3D device
}


and these errors came up. (i also tried with directx 9):

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Error	1	error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol _D3D10CreateDeviceAndSwapChain@32 referenced in function "void __cdecl initD3D(struct HWND__ *)" (?initD3D@@YAXPAUHWND__@@@Z)	Main.obj	directx 10
Error	2	fatal error LNK1120: 1 unresolved externals	C:\Users\Someone\Documents\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\directx 10\Debug\directx 10.exe	directx 10


i have searched google a couple of times and nadda. i would like some help from all of you! can you please tell me what is going wrong. thanks.
closed account (D80DSL3A)
I've had this problem too. It seems that DirectX projects must be started off a copy of a project from the DirectX SDK (I'm using the Feb. 2010 release). Launch the DirectX Sample Browser (a shortcut is in the SDK file folder, which was installed to my desktop), choose one of the project samples as a starting point for your project and click Install Project. You may rename the project during the install. You are then free to modify the code in your new project as you wish.
helios (17607)
Huh. That's weird. It looks like the compiler is mangling that symbol. That's a C function, so it really should be '_D3D10CreateDeviceAndSwapChain'. Try surrounding the include directives with extern "C":
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extern "C"{
#include <d3d10.h>
#include <d3dx10.h>
}
poonninja (58)
@fun2code: same errors :(

@helios: it came up with a bunch of errors. i have never seen any of these before so i dont know what to do about them.

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Error	1	error C2526: 'operator *' : C linkage function cannot return C++ class 'D3DXVECTOR2'	c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\d3dx10math.h	149	directx 10
Error	2	error C2526: 'operator *' : C linkage function cannot return C++ class 'D3DXVECTOR3'	c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\d3dx10math.h	224	directx 10
Error	3	error C2733: second C linkage of overloaded function 'operator *' not allowed	c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\d3dx10math.h	224	directx 10
Error	4	error C2526: 'operator *' : C linkage function cannot return C++ class 'D3DXVECTOR4'	c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\d3dx10math.h	299	directx 10
Error	5	error C2733: second C linkage of overloaded function 'operator *' not allowed	c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\d3dx10math.h	299	directx 10
Error	6	error C2526: 'operator *' : C linkage function cannot return C++ class 'D3DXMATRIX'	c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\d3dx10math.h	384	directx 10
Error	7	error C2733: second C linkage of overloaded function 'operator *' not allowed	c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\d3dx10math.h	384	directx 10
Error	8	error C2526: 'operator *' : C linkage function cannot return C++ class 'D3DXQUATERNION'	c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\d3dx10math.h	489	directx 10
Error	9	error C2733: second C linkage of overloaded function 'operator *' not allowed	c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\d3dx10math.h	489	directx 10
Error	10	error C2526: 'operator *' : C linkage function cannot return C++ class 'D3DXPLANE'	c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\d3dx10math.h	529	directx 10
Error	11	error C2733: second C linkage of overloaded function 'operator *' not allowed	c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\d3dx10math.h	529	directx 10
Error	12	error C2526: 'operator *' : C linkage function cannot return C++ class 'D3DXCOLOR'	c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\d3dx10math.h	577	directx 10
Error	13	error C2733: second C linkage of overloaded function 'operator *' not allowed	c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\d3dx10math.h	577	directx 10
Warning	14	warning C4190: '*' has C-linkage specified, but returns UDT 'D3DXVECTOR2' which is incompatible with C	c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\d3dx10math.inl	203	directx 10
Error	15	error C2556: 'D3DXVECTOR2 operator *(FLOAT,const D3DXVECTOR2 &)' : overloaded function differs only by return type from 'void operator *(FLOAT,const D3DXVECTOR2 &)'	c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\d3dx10math.inl	203	directx 10
Error	16	error C2371: 'operator *' : redefinition; different basic types	c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\d3dx10math.inl	203	directx 10
Warning	17	warning C4190: '*' has C-linkage specified, but returns UDT 'D3DXVECTOR3' which is incompatible with C	c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\d3dx10math.inl	423	directx 10
Error	18	error C2556: 'D3DXVECTOR3 operator *(FLOAT,const D3DXVECTOR3 &)' : overloaded function differs only by return type from 'void operator *(FLOAT,const D3DXVECTOR3 &)'	c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\d3dx10math.inl	423	directx 10
Error	19	error C2371: 'operator *' : redefinition; different basic types	c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\d3dx10math.inl	423	directx 10
Warning	20	warning C4190: '*' has C-linkage specified, but returns UDT 'D3DXVECTOR4' which is incompatible with C	c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\d3dx10math.inl	660	directx 10
Error	21	error C2556: 'D3DXVECTOR4 operator *(FLOAT,const D3DXVECTOR4 &)' : overloaded function differs only by return type from 'void operator *(FLOAT,const D3DXVECTOR4 &)'	c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\d3dx10math.inl	660	directx 10
Error	22	error C2371: 'operator *' : redefinition; different basic types	c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\d3dx10math.inl	660	directx 10
Warning	23	warning C4190: '*' has C-linkage specified, but returns UDT 'D3DXMATRIX' which is incompatible with C	c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\d3dx10math.inl	942	directx 10
Error	24	error C2556: 'D3DXMATRIX operator *(FLOAT,const D3DXMATRIX &)' : overloaded function differs only by return type from 'void operator *(FLOAT,const D3DXMATRIX &)'	c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\d3dx10math.inl	942	directx 10
Error	25	error C2371: 'operator *' : redefinition; different basic types	c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\d3dx10math.inl	942	directx 10
Warning	26	warning C4190: '*' has C-linkage specified, but returns UDT 'D3DXQUATERNION' which is incompatible with C	c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\d3dx10math.inl	1216	directx 10
Error	27	error C2556: 'D3DXQUATERNION operator *(FLOAT,const D3DXQUATERNION &)' : overloaded function differs only by return type from 'void operator *(FLOAT,const D3DXQUATERNION &)'	c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\d3dx10math.inl	1216	directx 10
Error	28	error C2371: 'operator *' : redefinition; different basic types	c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\d3dx10math.inl	1216	directx 10
Warning	29	warning C4190: '*' has C-linkage specified, but returns UDT 'D3DXPLANE' which is incompatible with C	c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\d3dx10math.inl	1341	directx 10
Error	30	error C2556: 'D3DXPLANE operator *(FLOAT,const D3DXPLANE &)' : overloaded function differs only by return type from 'void operator *(FLOAT,const D3DXPLANE &)'	c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\d3dx10math.inl	1341	directx 10
Error	31	error C2371: 'operator *' : redefinition; different basic types	c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\d3dx10math.inl	1341	directx 10
Warning	32	warning C4190: '*' has C-linkage specified, but returns UDT 'D3DXCOLOR' which is incompatible with C	c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\d3dx10math.inl	1520	directx 10
Error	33	error C2556: 'D3DXCOLOR operator *(FLOAT,const D3DXCOLOR &)' : overloaded function differs only by return type from 'void operator *(FLOAT,const D3DXCOLOR &)'	c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\d3dx10math.inl	1520	directx 10
Error	34	error C2371: 'operator *' : redefinition; different basic types	c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\d3dx10math.inl	1520	directx 10


this is very strange. i had directx 9 working about a year ago. im on vista btw.
helios (17607)
Okay, it seems d3dx10.h is actually a C++ header. Move it outside of the extern "C" block. It you still get those errors, move the other header.
poonninja (58)
nadda. i think i will just stick to opengl.
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